- @classmethod
- def _sort_polygon_3d(cls, points):
- if len(points) <= 3:
- return points
- o = cls._polygon_inner_point(points)
- a = points[0]
- oa = Vector(o, a)
- norm_oa = oa.norm()
- for b in points[1:]:
- ob = Vector(o, b)
- u = oa.cross(ob)
- if not u.isnull():
- u = u.asunit()
- break
- else:
- raise ValueError('degenerate polygon')
- angles = {a: 0.}
- for m in points[1:]:
- om = Vector(o, m)
- normprod = norm_oa * om.norm()
- cosinus = max(oa.dot(om) / normprod, -1.)
- sinus = u.dot(oa.cross(om)) / normprod
- angle = math.acos(cosinus)
- angle = math.copysign(angle, sinus)
- angles[m] = angle
- return sorted(points, key=angles.get)
-
- def faces(self):
- vertices = self.vertices()
- faces = []
- for constraint in self.constraints:
- face = []
- for vertex in vertices:
- if constraint.subs(vertex.coordinates()) == 0:
- face.append(vertex)
- faces.append(face)
- return faces
-
- def _plot_2d(self, plot=None, **kwargs):
- from matplotlib import pylab
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- from matplotlib.axes import Axes
- from matplotlib.patches import Polygon
- vertices = self._sort_polygon_2d(self.vertices())
- xys = [tuple(vertex.values()) for vertex in vertices]
- if plot is None:
- fig = plt.figure()
- plot = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
- xs, ys = zip(*xys)
- plot.set_xlim(float(min(xs)), float(max(xs)))
- plot.set_ylim(float(min(ys)), float(max(ys)))
- plot.add_patch(Polygon(xys, closed=True, **kwargs))
- return plot
-
- def _plot_3d(self, plot=None, **kwargs):
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
- from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d import Poly3DCollection
- if plot is None:
- fig = plt.figure()
- axes = Axes3D(fig)
- xmin, xmax = float('inf'), float('-inf')
- ymin, ymax = float('inf'), float('-inf')
- zmin, zmax = float('inf'), float('-inf')
- else:
- axes = plot
- poly_xyzs = []
- for vertices in self.faces():
- if len(vertices) == 0:
- continue
- vertices = Polyhedron._sort_polygon_3d(vertices)
- vertices.append(vertices[0])
- face_xyzs = [tuple(vertex.values()) for vertex in vertices]
- if plot is None:
- xs, ys, zs = zip(*face_xyzs)
- xmin, xmax = min(xmin, float(min(xs))), max(xmax, float(max(xs)))
- ymin, ymax = min(ymin, float(min(ys))), max(ymax, float(max(ys)))
- zmin, zmax = min(zmin, float(min(zs))), max(zmax, float(max(zs)))
- poly_xyzs.append(face_xyzs)
- collection = Poly3DCollection(poly_xyzs, **kwargs)
- axes.add_collection3d(collection)
- if plot is None:
- axes.set_xlim(xmin, xmax)
- axes.set_ylim(ymin, ymax)
- axes.set_zlim(zmin, zmax)
- return axes
-
- def plot(self, plot=None, **kwargs):
- """
- Display 3D plot of set.
- """
- if self.dimension == 2:
- return self._plot_2d(plot=plot, **kwargs)
- elif self.dimension == 3:
- return self._plot_3d(plot=plot, **kwargs)
- else:
- raise ValueError('polyhedron must be 2 or 3-dimensional')
+ __slots__ = Polyhedron.__slots__
+
+ def __new__(cls):
+ self = object().__new__(cls)
+ self._equalities = (Rational(1),)
+ self._inequalities = ()
+ self._constraints = self._equalities
+ self._symbols = ()
+ self._dimension = 0
+ return self
+
+ def widen(self, other):
+ if not isinstance(other, Polyhedron):
+ raise ValueError('argument must be a Polyhedron instance')
+ return other
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ return 'Empty'
+
+ def _repr_latex_(self):
+ return '$$\\emptyset$$'
+
+Empty = EmptyType()
+
+
+class UniverseType(Polyhedron):
+
+ __slots__ = Polyhedron.__slots__
+
+ def __new__(cls):
+ self = object().__new__(cls)
+ self._equalities = ()
+ self._inequalities = ()
+ self._constraints = ()
+ self._symbols = ()
+ self._dimension = ()
+ return self
+
+ def __repr__(self):
+ return 'Universe'
+
+ def _repr_latex_(self):
+ return '$$\\Omega$$'
+
+Universe = UniverseType()